The Unspoken Dangers: Why Dairy Bucks Should Avoid Alfalfa Hay & Grain Pellets

The health and well-being of your dairy bucks, are of utmost importance in any goat-raising venture. With so many people getting into raising dairy goats I wanted to talk about this topic a bit more, especially after seeing lots of conflicting information on Facebook recently. While alfalfa hay and pellets are commonly used to supplement the diets of Does or Females in Milk and other livestock, these feed options may not be suitable for male dairy goats. In this blog, we’ll dive into the reasons why alfalfa hay and grain pellets can pose risks to dairy bucks and explore alternative feeding strategies that promote their optimal health.

1. High Calcium Levels and Urinary Calculi:
Alfalfa hay and pellets are notorious for their high calcium content. While calcium is essential for lactating does and growing kids, it can be detrimental to the health of dairy bucks. These bucks have different dietary needs and metabolisms, making them more susceptible to urinary calculi, or “stones.” An excess of calcium can lead to the formation of these painful and potentially life-threatening blockages in their urinary tracts. Male bucks can and will die if you continue to feed them high calcium Alfalfa or Pellets. 

2. Specific Anatomy and Digestive System:
Dairy bucks, including Nubians and Nigerian Dwarf goats, possess unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Their urinary tracts are narrower and more prone to obstruction than those of does or wethers. As a result, any imbalance in their diet, including excessive calcium intake from alfalfa hay or pellets, can increase the risk of urinary calculi, causing distress and potential harm.

3. Importance of Balanced Nutrition:
Feeding dairy bucks a balanced diet tailored to their specific needs is crucial. While alfalfa hay and pellets may seem like convenient options, they can disrupt the delicate balance of minerals and nutrients required for bucks’ overall well-being. Optimal nutrition supports their immune systems, reproductive health, and overall vitality, ensuring that they remain healthy and active members of your herd.

4. Alternative Forage and Feeding Options:
To safeguard the health of your dairy bucks, it’s essential to provide alternative forage and feeding options. Consider offering grass hays, such as Timothy hay or Bermuda grass hay, which have lower calcium levels and are better suited for bucks’ dietary requirements. Additionally, provide access to clean and fresh water at all times, as proper hydration helps prevent urinary tract issues.

5. Customized Mineral Supplementation:
To meet the specific mineral needs of dairy bucks, consult with a veterinarian in your local area or animal nutritionist. A local livestock vet should be able to advise you on what minerals to use specifically for your area. Customized mineral supplementation can help balance their diet without introducing excessive calcium. This approach ensures that your bucks receive the nutrients they need without compromising their urinary tract health.

6. Vigilant Monitoring and Prompt Intervention:
Regularly monitor your dairy bucks for any signs of discomfort, urinary issues, or changes in behavior. Be proactive in identifying potential problems and seek veterinary assistance at the first sign of trouble. Early intervention can prevent the development of urinary calculi and other health issues.


The well-being of your dairy bucks, particularly Nubians and Nigerian Dwarf goats, relies on informed dietary choices and responsible management practices. While alfalfa hay and pellets may benefit other members of your herd, these feed options can pose risks to bucks due to their unique anatomical characteristics and dietary requirements. By opting for alternative forage, balanced nutrition, and vigilant monitoring, you can ensure that your dairy bucks thrive in a safe and supportive environment. Prioritizing their health and making mindful feeding decisions will contribute to the longevity and vitality of your beloved dairy bucks on your farm.

- Masha at Mockingbird Homestead